has posted a new item, 'Prefabricated Homes Primer'
This is by no means an exhaustive list of what's available in the area of
prefabricated homes and buildings. This article is to introduce you to the world
prefab. If you're in the industry, you'll probably be cringing about now at the
word "prefab". But, the word is one that has become synonymous with homes and
buildings that have been partially or fully assembled in a factory setting.I for
one am excited to see the latest versions of modern prefabs emerging globally.
They're well thought out, beautiful, and energy-efficient.And to anyone who has
any doubts about the quality of today's prefab homes, I'd ask, would you rather
buy a house whose parts have all been crafted outdoors exposed to the elements
-- by hand. Or, would you rather buy a house built in a factory setting to tight
specs exceeding that of site-built homes. I say exceeding, because a normal
site-built home doesn't have to endure the rigors of transportation.For your
review, here are quick descriptions of 10 of the many categories of prefab homes
available for exploring at http://PrefabExpo.com - in no particular order:1.
ManufacturedSingle-family residential dwellings consisting of one, two or more
sectional units and constructed to Federal HUD code. Zoning regulations and
ordinances of the local Municipality or County might not permit use of mobile
and manufactured homes in all areas of their jurisdiction.2. ModularModular
refers to a method of building a home, rather than a type of home. A modular
home can be built in a factory from a stock modular home plan or from a
customized plan, to the state, local or regional codes of where the home will be
set up. Modular homes have not typically experienced the zoning restrictions and
discriminative ordinances applicable to manufactured and mobile homes.3.
PanelizedPanelized homes are factory-built homes in which panels whole walls
with windows, doors, wiring, and outside siding are transported to the site and
assembled. Panels are made from insulating foam sandwiched between two layers of
structural material. The panels are lightweight and might already be filled with
insulation when they arrive on the site. The homes must meet the state or local
building codes of where they are sited.4. Steel-frameSteel framing is an
equivalent to conventional stick frame or post & beam home design where the
structural lumber is replaced by steel studs and trusses or steel posts and
beams. Light-Gauge Framing System features screw-together, galvanized
stud-and-truss, grid-type construction system built on 4-foot center.Red-Iron
Metal Post & Beam Systems features bolt-together, pre-engineered
post-and-beam-type framing system that uses the red-iron steel "C" beams on
8-foot center. The prefabricated home built with this method can be
single-story, two-story, and even tri-level home.Unlike conventional wood framed
home that requires interior walls to support the roof, the higher
strength-to-weight ratio of steel house allows to span greater distances with
less material and fewer supports. The result is higher floor layout and interior
design flexibility.Unlike wood, steel won't shrink, rot, warp, buckle, split, or
be attacked by insects. This results in greater durability, lower long-term
maintenance, higher energy efficiency and overall greater quality of this
prefabricated home.5. PrecutThis category includes wood-framed factory-built
houses or cabins where building materials are factory-cut to design
specifications and transported to the site to be assembled. PrefabExpo.com
presents prefab building kits designed as wood-framed (also known as
balloon-frame, 2 x 4, 2 x 6 or stick-built construction) as well as
prefabricated home kit/cabin kit using post-frame method. The homes or cabins
must meet local or state building codes of the area where they will be sited.6.
CedarAccording to Katahdin Cedar Log Homes, Cedar is aromatic to people, and
problematic to insects: The heartwood of northern white cedar produces organic
compounds called thujaplicins which create that fresh, pleasant cedar aroma.
But to insect pests, such as moths and termites, cedar just plain stinks. Theyll
avoid cedar homes and instead search out inviting, tasty pine structures.Cedar
home kits include everything you need to build the home, itself. That is to say,
the walls, the floor, the ceiling, the windows and doors. But your foundation,
plumbing and electrical system are not usually included in a kit.7.
TimberframeTimber framing is a specific type of post and beam construction in
which a frame is created from solid wood timbers that are then connected by any
one of the following wooden joints: mortise and tenon, dovetails, or scarfs
secured with hardwood pegs. The frame is covered with any one of a number of
enclosure systems. Normally the timbers remain exposed to the interior of the
building.Timber frame structures exhibit a strength and aesthetic quality not
found in conventionally framed houses. The timbers are pre-cut, shaped, and
finished at the factory, then sent to the construction site, where they can be
quickly assembled by a crew, using cranes to lift the bents and beams into
place. Joinery is the heart of the entire structure.8. LogLog homes provide
their owners with a comforting and relaxing sense of informality and simplicity.
The mass of logs produces heating and cooling benefits, and reduces noise
transmission into and throughout the home. These are very attractive
characteristics, but there are also challenges in construction and limitations
in decorating. These aspects require special design considerations and have
unusual maintenance requirements.Basic Kits Are... WALLS ONLY: The walls-only
log home package includes all the logs for the outside walls, including
fasteners. Roof beams and staircases may be added. STRUCTURAL SHELL: Shell This
package includes everything that's in the walls-only package, plus all
components necessary to keep the weather out, such as exterior doors, windows,
and the roofing system. THE COMPLETE PACKAGE: Complete packages also includes
interior components required to finish log homes. Such items include interior
walls, stairs, closets, interior doors and trim.9. CircularThe circle is the
strongest geometrical shape we recognize, and this factor likely influenced
builders of circular homes for thousands of years. Prefabricated circular
buildings have been built as cabins, studios, homes, offices or community halls
and convention centers.Most of today's prefabricated circular homes and cabins
offered across the country use conventional wood-frame or post & beam
construction method. These homes and cabins are ideally suited to take the full
advantage of locations offering exciting panoramic views, and to incorporate
factor of the surroundings into the home design.10. DomeGeodesic Dome is using
triangular networks forming hexagons and pentagons and creating a free-span,
spacious environment of spherically shaped structure requiring no internal
supports. This results in large flexibility for utilizing interior space to
implement floor designs not limited by structural restrictions. Because of the
structural strength of the shape, the domes have a far better record of
withstanding tornados, hurricanes and earthquakes than cube-shaped structures of
conventional homes.Advantages...MATERIAL COSTS: Geodesic domes provide the
greatest amount of floor area with the least amount of surface area, reducing
the quantity of needed building material by as much as 30-50%. ENERGY
EFFICIENCY: As a result of the shape, the dome has approximately 30-50% less
roof and wall area than cube-shaped home of equal floor space. This results in
lesser area being exposed to the elements, resulting in reduction in heating and
cooling costs of dome shaped structures. Also, the spherical shape of the dome
facilitates natural air flow yielding more even temperatures maximizing overall
interior temperature comfort. Disadvantages... As a result of complicated
angles, the interior and exterior finishing of the dome (after speedy assembly
of the prefabricated shell) is significantly more labor intensive than finishing
the conventional house. Also, the finishing work requires highly skilled or
specialized tradesmen which might not be available at every location. These
factors might present welcoming challenge for the skilled handyman/homebuilder,
but would create substantial cost outlay if hired labor is considered.I for one
am excited to see the latest versions of modern prefabs emerging globally.
They're well thought out, beautiful, and energy-efficient.And to anyone who has
any doubts about the quality of today's prefab homes, I'd ask, would you rather
buy a house whose parts have all been crafted outdoors exposed to the elements
-- by hand. Or, would you rather buy a house built in a factory setting to tight
specs exceeding that of site-built homes. I say exceeding, because a normal
site-built home doesn't have to endure the rigors of transportation.For your
review, here are quick descriptions of 10 of the many categories of prefab homes
available for exploring at http://PrefabExpo.com - in no particular order:1.
ManufacturedSingle-family residential dwellings consisting of one, two or more
sectional units and constructed to Federal HUD code. Zoning regulations and
ordinances of the local Municipality or County might not permit use of mobile
and manufactured homes in all areas of their jurisdiction.2. ModularModular
refers to a method of building a home, rather than a type of home. A modular
home can be built in a factory from a stock modular home plan or from a
customized plan, to the state, local or regional codes of where the home will be
set up. Modular homes have not typically experienced the zoning restrictions and
discriminative ordinances applicable to manufactured and mobile homes.3.
PanelizedPanelized homes are factory-built homes in which panels whole walls
with windows, doors, wiring, and outside siding are transported to the site and
assembled. Panels are made from insulating foam sandwiched between two layers of
structural material. The panels are lightweight and might already be filled with
insulation when they arrive on the site. The homes must meet the state or local
building codes of where they are sited.4. Steel-frameSteel framing is an
equivalent to conventional stick frame or post & beam home design where the
structural lumber is replaced by steel studs and trusses or steel posts and
beams. Light-Gauge Framing System features screw-together, galvanized
stud-and-truss, grid-type construction system built on 4-foot center.Red-Iron
Metal Post & Beam Systems features bolt-together, pre-engineered
post-and-beam-type framing system that uses the red-iron steel "C" beams on
8-foot center. The prefabricated home built with this method can be
single-story, two-story, and even tri-level home.Unlike conventional wood framed
home that requires interior walls to support the roof, the higher
strength-to-weight ratio of steel house allows to span greater distances with
less material and fewer supports. The result is higher floor layout and interior
design flexibility.Unlike wood, steel won't shrink, rot, warp, buckle, split, or
be attacked by insects. This results in greater durability, lower long-term
maintenance, higher energy efficiency and overall greater quality of this
prefabricated home.5. PrecutThis category includes wood-framed factory-built
houses or cabins where building materials are factory-cut to design
specifications and transported to the site to be assembled. PrefabExpo.com
presents prefab building kits designed as wood-framed (also known as
balloon-frame, 2 x 4, 2 x 6 or stick-built construction) as well as
prefabricated home kit/cabin kit using post-frame method. The homes or cabins
must meet local or state building codes of the area where they will be sited.6.
CedarAccording to Katahdin Cedar Log Homes, Cedar is aromatic to people, and
problematic to insects: The heartwood of northern white cedar produces organic
compounds called thujaplicins which create that fresh, pleasant cedar aroma.
But to insect pests, such as moths and termites, cedar just plain stinks. Theyll
avoid cedar homes and instead search out inviting, tasty pine structures.Cedar
home kits include everything you need to build the home, itself. That is to say,
the walls, the floor, the ceiling, the windows and doors. But your foundation,
plumbing and electrical system are not usually included in a kit.7.
TimberframeTimber framing is a specific type of post and beam construction in
which a frame is created from solid wood timbers that are then connected by any
one of the following wooden joints: mortise and tenon, dovetails, or scarfs
secured with hardwood pegs. The frame is covered with any one of a number of
enclosure systems. Normally the timbers remain exposed to the interior of the
building.Timber frame structures exhibit a strength and aesthetic quality not
found in conventionally framed houses. The timbers are pre-cut, shaped, and
finished at the factory, then sent to the construction site, where they can be
quickly assembled by a crew, using cranes to lift the bents and beams into
place. Joinery is the heart of the entire structure.8. LogLog homes provide
their owners with a comforting and relaxing sense of informality and simplicity.
The mass of logs produces heating and cooling benefits, and reduces noise
transmission into and throughout the home. These are very attractive
characteristics, but there are also challenges in construction and limitations
in decorating. These aspects require special design considerations and have
unusual maintenance requirements.Basic Kits Are... WALLS ONLY: The walls-only
log home package includes all the logs for the outside walls, including
fasteners. Roof beams and staircases may be added. STRUCTURAL SHELL: Shell This
package includes everything that's in the walls-only package, plus all
components necessary to keep the weather out, such as exterior doors, windows,
and the roofing system. THE COMPLETE PACKAGE: Complete packages also includes
interior components required to finish log homes. Such items include interior
walls, stairs, closets, interior doors and trim.9. CircularThe circle is the
strongest geometrical shape we recognize, and this factor likely influenced
builders of circular homes for thousands of years. Prefabricated circular
buildings have been built as cabins, studios, homes, offices or community halls
and convention centers.Most of today's prefabricated circular homes and cabins
offered across the country use conventional wood-frame or post & beam
construction method. These homes and cabins are ideally suited to take the full
advantage of locations offering exciting panoramic views, and to incorporate
factor of the surroundings into the home design.10. DomeGeodesic Dome is using
triangular networks forming hexagons and pentagons and creating a free-span,
spacious environment of spherically shaped structure requiring no internal
supports. This results in large flexibility for utilizing interior space to
implement floor designs not limited by structural restrictions. Because of the
structural strength of the shape, the domes have a far better record of
withstanding tornados, hurricanes and earthquakes than cube-shaped structures of
conventional homes.Advantages...MATERIAL COSTS: Geodesic domes provide the
greatest amount of floor area with the least amount of surface area, reducing
the quantity of needed building material by as much as 30-50%. ENERGY
EFFICIENCY: As a result of the shape, the dome has approximately 30-50% less
roof and wall area than cube-shaped home of equal floor space. This results in
lesser area being exposed to the elements, resulting in reduction in heating and
cooling costs of dome shaped structures. Also, the spherical shape of the dome
facilitates natural air flow yielding more even temperatures maximizing overall
interior temperature comfort. Disadvantages... As a result of complicated
angles, the interior and exterior finishing of the dome (after speedy assembly
of the prefabricated shell) is significantly more labor intensive than finishing
the conventional house. Also, the finishing work requires highly skilled or
specialized tradesmen which might not be available at every location. These
factors might present welcoming challenge for the skilled handyman/homebuilder,
but would create substantial cost outlay if hired labor is considered.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR Diane is co-creator of the Prefabricated Homes and Buildings
website, PrefabExpo, located on the Internet at http://PrefabExpo.com and enjoys
showing buyers everything that's available to them in the way of Prefabricated
homes, cabins and buildings. - Nasal allergy is a quite common illness that
everybody can have it. It is caused by the exposure of the individual to the
various types of allergens such as pollen, fungus, mold, dust mites, certain
foods, latex, animal dander, volatile chemicals and others. When allergens were
inhaled into the nasal cavity, it penetrated mucosal membrane and came to
contact with blood serum. Individual with Immunoglobulin-A antibody deficiency
will easily let the allergens penetrate mucosal barrier because deficiency of
Immunoglobulin-A antibody increases the mucosal permeability. Macrophages are
the first type of cells that will come in contact with the allergen particles
and after processing the allergens; it will pass information about the invasion
of the allergen particles into the body to B-lymphocyte cells (one type of the
white blood cell). This will stimulate B-lymphocyte cells and cause them start
to multiply and transform into plasma cells. Stimulation of the B-lymphocyte is
controlled by T-lymphocyte cell (the other type of white blood cell). The plasma
cells that have been formed will produce IgE antibodies, which after that bind
with the mast cells and basophil cells around nose and cause itching and
hypersensitive. Subsequently, histamine chemical will be released from the mast
cells when the mast cells started degranulatingWhat we know that why an
individual?s nose easily becomes allergy is due to the deficiency of
Immunoglobulin-A antibody, which is one of our defense components in our body.
Its function is scavenging of exogenous material, which is coming in contact to
the mucosal membrane. Apart from this, T-lymphocyte cells, which are developed
in bone marrow, work as helper and suppressor to the secretion of immunoglobulin
by the B-lymphocyte cells. Malfunction or deficiency of these cells will cause
over secretion of immunoglobulin-E antibodies. This may exacerbate the nasal
allergy illness. All this malfunction and deficiency may due to the genetic
disorder inheriting from our parent. However, it may also cause by our irregular
lifestyle, unhealthy eating habit and environmental factor such as not enough
sleep, eat too much fried food, smoking, alcoholic, exposure to hazardous
chemicals and so on. Infection with certain virus such as HIV or utilized
certain steroid or chemotherapy medicines may also cause this problem. In other
words, deterioration of the body immune system will make nasal allergy illness
become more critical. Due to this, in order that one can relieve from the nasal
allergy torturing, he or she must have a strong immune system to defend the
foreign substances that will enter into their body.Deterioration of immune
system mostly due to the attack by the free radicals that have formed in our
body. Free radical is a very reactive molecule and has a strong tendency to
oxidize lipid, protein and DNA in our body. Everyday, a lot of free radicals are
produced in our body. Although our body itself can generate antioxidant to
protect ourselves, it is still not enough. That's why, we are all aging. Free
radicals that have been generated in our body can weaken our body immune system
by attacking to the white blood cells. Changing the DNA in a white blood cell is
the most crucial point because it causes irreversible mutation of the cell. Due
to this, white blood cells can not function properly and become malfunctioned.
When this happening, nasal allergy illness will emerge in our body. To protect
our body from radical and maintain our body immune system, we need to take
enough antioxidant supplements to neutralize the excessive free radicals that
have been produced in our body everyday.Vitamin C is the most common antioxidant
that can relief nasal allergy symptom. But the doses that we need to take to
stop the nasal allergy are around five to eight gram. This is quite a large
amount and it may cause stomach and intestinal upset. To prevent this, we should
use ascorbate form of vitamin C. Until now, there is no solid evidence to show
how vitamin C can stop the nasal allergy reaction. But scientists figured out
that it may due to its antioxidant capabilities, which prevent cell damage.
Research had been carried out in the department of obsterics at Methodist
Hospital in Brooklyn to study vitamin C and histamine levels in the blood of 400
people. They found out that, people with high levels of vitamin C in their blood
have lower histamine levels. When 1000mg vitamin C supplement was given daily to
those with low levels of vitamin C and high levels of histamine, their hay fever
improved remarkably within three days. [Journal Nutrition, April, 1980]. When
large amount of vitamin C is taken, just make sure you take calcium supplement.
This is because; vitamin C in the blood will bind with the calcium in the bone
and attract them out into the blood. This calcium will be discarded from the
body through urination. This is because vitamin C is an organic acid that can
dissolve mineral in bone. To avoid this, we should take calcium ascorbate, which
is a mineral form of vitamin C.Vitamin C is very soluble in water. Therefore,
high levels of vitamin C in the blood may not be easily achieved. This is
because vitamin C easily excretes from the body through urination. More frequent
you urinating; less vitamin C can be retained in your body. Therefore, although
we take a lot of vitamin C, the actual amount retaining in the body in very
little. You may relief the nasal allergy for a while and if you want to
continually remain relief from nasal allergy, you may need to continually take
vitamin C. This situation can be seen after we have taken the vitamin C. The
urine that we excrete after one hour taking the vitamin C is yellowish color.
The color is due to the presence of the vitamin C in the urine. The following
urine may still yellowish. After the urine no longer shows any yellowish color;
that means the vitamin C levels in the blood has gone down already. Due to this,
a lot of vitamin C has been wasted. To save cost, we need to take citrus
bioflavonoids and pantothenic acid. Both of them are vitamin B complex
substances. Citrus bioflavonoids alter the body?s metabolism of vitamin C and
raising the concentration of vitamin C in certain tissue [American Journal of
Clinical Nutrition, August, 1979]. Whereas, pantothenic acid can help our body
absorbs vitamin C more easily.Apart from vitamin C and B, the second supplement
that can boost our immune system is zinc. Zinc is a transitional metal that is
indispensable in our body. Biochemical functions in our body that involves zinc
are protein synthesis, spermatogenesis, platelet reactivity and the main one is
maintaining cellular immunity. Apart from these, zinc also can prevent certain
type of cancer. Zinc deficiency mostly due to malnutrition, alcoholism,
malabsorption, liver cirrhosis, chronic renal disease, extensive burns, use of
chelating agents and genetic disorders. Our meats that contains high amount of
zinc are chicken and beef. People who try to avoid red meat due to its high
cholesterol have the higher possibility not enough zinc in their body. Zinc
deficiency can cause growth retardation, male testerone deficiency, delayed
wound healing, bullous dermatitis, diarrhea and intercurrent infection. Zinc can
inhibit replication of several viruses such as herpes simplex virus, foot and
mouth disease virus, poliovirus and rhinovirus. Zinc is very effective to treat
common cold because it prevents rhinovirus (cold virus) from binding to the
tissue surface and stabilizes the cell membranes. Subsequently, it is also
inhibiting prostaglandin metabolism and inducing production of interferon gamma,
which is a natural chemical that help body to fight infections. Study that had
been published in the Annals Internal Medicine in 1996 showed that if an
individual starts taking zinc gluconate glycine within 24 hours onset of the
common cold symptoms, it can significantly reduced the illness duration.The
third supplement that has antioxidant function is virgin coconut oil. The
difference between ordinary coconut oil and virgin coconut oil is that the later
is extracted by wet process directly from the coconut milk or meat under a
control temperature usually is 50 oC, whereas; coconut oil is obtained from the
copra by dry process, which involves high temperature or sunlight exposure for
several days. Due to the exposure to sunlight and application of high
temperature, most of the minor components such as tocopherols, tocotrienols and
polyphenols will be destroyed. This is because all these components are unstable
in high temperature. Sunlight can destroy there components because sunlight
contains a few percent of UV light, which is a high energy wave that can break
the chemical bonding in an organic substance. Recently, study had been carried
out in University Kerala in India to determine the effectiveness of the virgin
coconut oil as antioxidant enzymes in male rat [Food Chemistry, 2006]. They
found out that virgin coconut oil has more effect as an antioxidant and prevents
peroxidation of lipids compared to the groundnut oil and copra oil. Study also
had been carried in the same University to determine the beneficial effect of
the virgin coconut oil to lipid components in male rat [Clinical Biochemistry,
37, 2004]. The finding that they got is that virgin coconut oil can reduce the
levels of lipid in serum and tissues. Besides, it also can reduce low-density
lipoprotein (LDL) and increased high-density lipoprotein in the blood. This
effect may due to its high polyphenol content.Finally, what we know
immunoglobulin-A (IgA) antibodies are the main antibodies that can prevent
allergens from entering our body through nasal mucosal membrane. Therefore,
nasal allergy and sinus infection can be prevented by increasing this antibody
level in our body. Nutrients that can boost this antibody level in our body are
monounsaturated oleic acids and vitamin A. Monounsaturated oleic acids can be
found in cold-pressed extra virgin olive oil, hazelnut or filbert oil (or the
whole nuts), green and ripe olives, and almonds. Whereas, vitamin A can be found
in cod liver oil, pumpkin, cooked carrots, sweet potatoes/yams, squash and other
yellow or orange vegetableBy Alexander Chong Author of "How to cure your
incurable nasal allergy without using any synthetic drugs, herbs and expensive
devices". http://www.cure-nasal-allergy.com
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